According to a legend associated with the life of St. John Chrysostom, an important father of the early Eastern church, he impregnated a princess while in exile in the wilderness, and performed a lengthy penance by crawling on all fours until she was discovered alive with their child. Beham uses this story as an excuse for a sensuous nude who dominates the composition, while the saint, as in an engraving by Cranach, is a tiny, absurd figure in the background.